The osteochondro process simultaneously affects any of the spine.The lumbar and cervical vertebrae are more affected by pathologies, like the most susceptible to loads due to the anatomy of the human skeleton.
The consequences of the osteochondosis spinal in the cervical region cause the greatest inconvenience and potential complications, because the neck is an area rich in neuromusive highways, many of which directly feed the brain.
For this reason, clinical symptoms with cervical osteochondrosis are many associated with the ischemia of brain areas.In addition, the nerve roots, which provide the sensitivity and motor activity of the hands and the shoulder belt, when squeezing with destroyed vertebrates can give a variety of symptomatic paintings.
Below, consider the general clinic of the osteochondrosis of the cervical column.
Dizziness
The dizziness are also due to the violation of the blood flow to the organs of the internal ear, which guarantees the balance of the body.Nystagm often combines vertigo - arbitrary fluctuations in the pupils of the eyes on the sides.
Missing aerial
This sensation appears due to the irritation of the ends of the diaphragmatic nerve.It is a component of the cervical nerve ray and is involved in the adjustment of breathing, in its depth and frequency.Patients complain of the inability to breathe in the fullest chest.
In some cases, the symptom worsens a serious lack of breath and suffocation.For the same reason, breathing stops at night and snoring.
The disadvantage of oxygen due to breathing problems is ultimately the cause of the increase in fatigue, a decrease in concentration and memory problems.
Nausea
It is accompanied by the healing air.Also due to problems with blood circulation in some areas of the brain and internal ear.The nausea is sometimes observed with an indomitable vomiting caused by the movements of the head and the body.The consequence of frequent nausea and vomiting is a decrease in appetite, weight loss, food failure.
Problems with vision
"Flies" in the eyes, a decrease in visual acuity, fog in front of the eyes: these are all the symptoms due to the ischemia of the brain area which is responsible for vision.
Patients with osteochondrosis complain less commonly from vision, since the lack of blood supply from vertebral vessels is compensated by the blood flow by the carbon arteries system.
Glasses and therapeutic gymnastics for the eye muscles do not solve the problem, usually the vision improves after the treatment of osteochdrosis.
An unstable level of pressure is due to the compromise blood flow in the oblong brain which is responsible for the functions of the vascular-motor center.
It occurs with the spasm of the brain arteries due to the short -term stop of the bloodstream along the vertebral arteries.
From the state of loss of the patient's consciousness, you can quickly be removed by throwing it so that the legs are slightly higher than the head: the blood flow to the brain allows a person to lead to life.
After a fainting attack, reversible problems with the word and movements can be observed for some time, due to a short stop of the bloodstream.
Green symptoms
It can often be the only sign indicating cervical osteochondosis.They are expressed as a sweat, dryness and feeling of a lump in the throat, difficulty with swallowing.The symptoms are associated with the compression of the nervous plexus responsible for the caking of the pharynx.It is necessary to differentiate these manifestations from a similar clinic in inflammation or neoplasms.
The increase in body temperature for cervical osteochondrosis is not the most typical symptom, it is rarely and locally observed: in the cervical and collar area, with a slight redness of the skin.
The clinic of the osteocondrosis in the cervical column can first be of various degrees of gravity, depends on the stage of the development of the pathology, even during the periods of exacerbations they are brighter and, secondly, to form in some syndromes.
Phase I.
The beginning of the degenerative processes in the cartilage of the vertebral discs.The symptoms are weak, sometimes it cannot be observed at all.The first signs of osteochondosis of the cervical column:
- discomfort in the neck, arms, shoulders, sometimes transforming into pain;
- heachache;
- Easy restriction of the motor activity of the neck;
- Passing the visual value quickly;
- Reduce the sensitivity of the skin of the collar area.
IMPORTANT: these symptoms become more pronounced when it inclines the head.
As a rule, in the first phase of the osteocondrosis of the cervical region, patients do not go to the doctor, believing that all the symptoms are associated with fatigue, stress, age, lack of sleep.
Phase II
In this phase, the protrusion of the vertebrates began, the intervertebral cracks were tightened, the fibrous collagen fiber of the disc on the disc is destroyed.There are evident painful symptoms of nature in one point due to the compression of the nerve trunks, which intensify during the neck movements and the curves of the head.Here you can already suspect cervical osteochondrosis, whose symptoms in the second stadium are as follows:
- pronounced neck pain, sometimes with a crunch;
- The skin of the shoulders and hands almost completely loses sensitivity;
- The headache is frequent, they do not go for a long time;
- Visual impairment with "flies" in the eyes;
- Ringua and noise in the ears;
- weakness of the muscles of the upper ends;
- The clarity of the reflections of the tendon is reduced;
- Shot of pain with dedication under the scapula;
- the feeling of a lump in the throat, problems with swallowing;
- Sleep disorders, usually insomnia.
The long tense in a position leads to severe pain.In this phase of the development of the disease, patients are already coming from the doctor to ask for help.
Phase III
The fibrous ring on the disc is destroyed, hernias are formed.In the third phase, there is a deformation of the spine, the movement and dislocation of the vertebrae due to their weak fixation.The symptoms are as follows:
- Intensive and acute pains in the neck, collar area, cardiac area;
- The sensitivity of the scalp on the back of the head, in the shoulder region, in the hands, until the complete absence of;
- hernia of the cervical column;
- Parents and paralysis of the upper ends;
- The tendon reflections are practically not observed.
This is a serious phase of the disease in which the patient is no longer able to support the head alone.The ischemia of the spinal cord and the compression of the arteries of the spine lead to paralysis and the paresis in other parts of the body and the spinal race.
Not specific and a large number of various symptoms that accompany the osteochondosis of the cervical column make it difficult to diagnose and further treatments, since some of them can be a sign of completely different diseases.The symptoms of cervical osteocondrosis are trained in some groups called syndromes.Their presence and gravity can indicate a pathology in the cervical column with an updated location.
Clinical image of osteochondosis of the cervical column - symptoms, signs
The osteochondrosis of the cervical region is a slowly progressive spinal disease, in which the vertebrae, the joints and the intervertebral discs are affected and destroyed.The vertebrae from the first to the seventh, which belong to the cervical region, suffer.
As the disease progresses, the intervertebral records lose their elasticity and strength, flatten, relax, their shock absorbing properties worsen.This deformation occurs due to changes caused by power disorders and exhaustion of fabrics.
These violations are one of the natural aging processes of the body, but various overloads, posture disorders, lesions, congenital anomalies of the spine and some other causes cause early wear and tear of cartilage and discs.
Pain can have a different location, they can be around neck, in the occipital region, in the shoulder or in the upper limb.Shoulder or hand pain appears when the spine of the nerve innervates the upper limb is involved in the process.The pain in the occipital part of the head is caused by the cramps of the neck muscles, which are attached to the occipital bone and to circulatory disorders in this area.
When symptoms occur:
- A decrease in sensitivity in hand occurs when a spine is damaged, which contains sensitive nerves that innervate the skin of the upper limb.
- The restriction of the movements in the cervical column and the creak during the movements occurs due to a decrease in the height of the intervertebral disc, from the appearance of the bone growths on the bodies of the vertebrae and damage to the small joints between the cervical vertebrae.
- Dizziness, compromised coordination, weakness occur in the most serious cases with a strong deterioration of the blood supply to the occipital fraction of the brain, brain and trunk.
- Numbness of the language, decrease in hearing and vision
All these symptoms are due to the involvement of the vertebral artery in the process, which takes place in its canal located in the transversal processes of the cervical vertebrae.As a result of the development of cervical osteochondrosis, the formation of fibrous tissue, the vertebrae of the vertebrae, the blood flow in these arteries worsens, which leads to a deterioration of the blood supply to the occipital fraction of the brain and the cerebellum.
Reasons
- excessive physical activity in sport or heavy physical work;
- hereditary predisposition;
- hypothermia of the neck (walking in winter without scarf);
- stress;
- work on the computer;
- obesity.
Some of the above causes cause osteocondrosis and other thorns.
The degree of osteocondrosis is determined by the clinical picture and the patient's complaints.The concept of degree should not be confused with the phases of the osteocondrosis.The phases will be discussed below.
Considering and analyzing the procedure for the development of changes in the vertebra tissues, the doctors have distinguished several phases of osteochondosis of the cervical region:
- Preclinical phase.The cervical osteochondosis of the 1st degree is expressed by the movement of the octopus nucleus on the side and from the beginning of the destruction of the fibrous ring.Pain in this period can be absent, a small lordosis is possible and difficulty turning or tilting the head.
- The osteochondrosis of the 2nd degree cervical region is characterized by an increase in pathological destruction, the instability of the entire segment with subupon and a pain appears, sometimes giving in to the belt or arm.The patient complains of distraction, a deterioration of memory and attention.
- The osteochondrosis of the 3rd degree develops with a complete breakdown of the fibrous ring.They look like neurological symptoms, sensitivity is disturbed.The pain in the third phase becomes constant and greatly disturbs the patient.The mobility of the cervical segment worsens.
- Osteochondrosis of the neck of 4 degrees.The final phase of the degenerative process.The intervertebral disc is completely replaced by the connective tissue, all symptoms become more pronounced, a deterioration of the coordination of movements, ataxia.
Depending on the location of the pain, the following types of diseases are distinguished: Radicoloiciamia, Cervicobrachialgia, Cervicocrania and Cervicalgia.
According to the method, of course, the disease is customary to divide into acute intervertebral osteochondous of the neck, which appears for the first time and chronic, extends for years with constant remissions and exacerbations.
Which doctor treats cervical osteochondrosis?
The variety of symptoms, which often hides under the mask of another disorder, causes patients to be a logical question: which doctor contact?When any pain, shoulders and hands pain or the occurrence of neurotic disorders, it is urgent to approach the neurologist or the vertebrologist.
And who to contact if there are no specialists in the local clinic?In this case, the ticket should be postponed to the therapist.The doctor will prescribe the treatment or send a narrow specialization to the doctor.
Symptoms depending on the damaged vertebra
Separately, root syndromes can be distinguished, leading to one or other sensitive and motor disorders.Differ according to the type of vertebra holds the spinal root:
- C1: leads to numbness and altered sensitivity in the back of the head;
- C2: pain in the parietal region and in the back of the head;
- C3: impairment of language, sensitivity of language, pain and decrease in sensitivity on the side where the spinal nerve is violated;
- C4: pain in the heart, left hypochondrium, in the shoulder, scapula, respiratory disorders, decrease in the tone of the neck muscles;
- C5: shoulder pain in the outdoor area;
- C6: the pain that surrenders from the forearm to the thumb of the hand, as well as from the neck on the scapula;
- C7: the pain in the rear surface of the shoulder, from the neck to the scapula, gives in the forearm to 2-4 fingers of the hand;
- C8: pain from the neck to the other, from the forearm to the little finger.
Diagnosis of osteochondrosis
To make a diagnosis, instrumental exam methods are used:
- X -ray examination of the spinal department;
- myelography;
- Neurological survey of sensitivity, reflections.
Additional methods prescribed for the differentiation and clarification of the diagnosis, the pathology stage includes:
- computerized tomography of the spine (CT);
- nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (Jamr);
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
During the exam with the conduct of neurological tests, the doctor will evaluate the degree of mobility and pain in the neck, as well as a blood flow compromised in the vertebral artery.
Cervical osteochondrosis requires not only the study of the vertebrae themselves, but also nearby tissues, blood vessels, nerves.Only then can we judge the complete picture of the pathological changes that have occurred due to a disease.
The diagnosis of cervical osteochondosis begins with a visual examination and a patient survey.The neuropathologist is interested in the conditions of the life and work of the patient, in the presence of chronic disorders, nutrition and motor activity.
A preliminary diagnosis is confirmed by the conduct of the instrumental research:
- X -Reggi in two projections;
- MRI;
- Ct;
- UZDS (Duplex scan).
Hormone analysis is required for the right sex.Without it, the treatment of cervical osteocondrosis in women does not start.
To exclude pathologies with these symptoms, a differential diagnosis is carried out with the appointment of further consultations with a surgeon, gynecologist, cardiologist, ophthalmologist and tradition.
Complications of the osteochondrosis
The osteochondrosis of the cervical column is dangerous with its complications.With the development of the disease, squeezing the spinal artery can cause a brain stroke, the persistent worsening of hearing and vision.
Often an intervertebral hernia, severe hypertension and numbness or cooling of the fingers come together with osteochondosis.In women, complications of neurological nature are often developed: constant fatigue, lethargy, loss of performance, excessive resentment.
Non -compliance with the prescribed treatment, the prolonged avoidance of a doctor and the lack of osteochondosis therapy contributes to the progression of the disease and causes the development of complications, pathologies and new diseases, such as: for example:
- hernia of intervertebral discs (hernia of the spine);
- protrusion;
- Cifosis;
- roots;
- Salt deposits in the intervertebral space;
- spinal cord blows;
- reduction of the muscle mass of the limbs, muscle atrophy due to the altered blood supply;
- Paralysis of the lower limbs.
Despite the fact that the 4th degree of osteochondrosis can occur without pronounced symptoms and pain, the osteochondrosis neglected is the most dangerous for the development of serious complications and can lead to the patient's disability.
Medical physical education
LFK for cervical osteochondrosis must be carried out outside acute exacerbation.The greatest effectiveness of this technique during the recovery period.During the implementation of the complex there should be no discomfort and pain!
| Exercise number 1 | Lie down on the stomach, place your hands on the floor, raise your head and a bust, the back should be straight.Stay in this position for 1-2 minutes.Sink slowly on the floor.Repeat 2-3 times. |
| Exercise number 2 | Lie on the stomach, stretch your arms along the body, turn your head to the left, try to touch the floor with your ear, then turn your head to the right.Repeat 6-7 times in each direction. |
| Exercise number 3 | In a sitting position, protrude forward and try to touch the chest with your head, then exhale, rest and throw your head.Repeat 10-15 times. |
| Exercise number 4 | When you are sitting, put the palms of the forehead, put pressure on the palms of the forehead and the forehead is on the palm.This exercise continues for 30 seconds.Repeat 2-3 times. |
| Exercise number 5 | Slowly revolve the head first in one direction, then in the opposite direction.10 rotations in each direction.Make sure there are no dizziness.When it appears, the exercise stops. |
Risk factors
The chances of obtaining osteochondrosis increase if you have:
- spine development anomalies;
- excess weight;
- long physical effort;
- bad habits (smoke);
- sedentary lifestyle;
- work, which implies the regular impact of vibrations on the spine (for example, with vehicles drivers);
- long stress, excessive nervous tension;
- Local hypothermia;
- previous injuries in the neck and neck;
- Autoimmune pathologies that involve the degeneration of the cartilage.
Psychosomatic
The development of cervical osteochondosis indicates the inability to resist competence.Sometimes people become so strong and safe in their abilities that their stability before adversity turns into rigidity and lack of flexibility.In this case, attempts to turn the head are accompanied by rigidity, convulsions and other unpleasant sensations.
In addition, osteochondrosis can develop in people who are afraid of problems and do not know how to do it.In this case, the protective reflection of the mammal is activated and the head is literally designed in the shoulders.This provision is considered unnatural, therefore, after some time, the muscles of the cervical region begin to hurt and deform.
Treatment
The treatment of cervical osteochondosis depends on the stage of the disease.If in the first phase there is a sufficiently conservative wandering treatment, therefore in the second and third phase the task of the doctor is, first of all, to stop the pain syndrome.The enhanced cases may require surgical treatment intended for the decompression and stabilization of the vertebrae.
Drugs
| Group | Description |
| NSAIDs (Non -Steric Anti -inflammatory drugs) | It helps to remove swelling and pain.The base of the most commonly used drugs are agonal components such as sodium diclofenac. |
| Vasodilative drugs | Contribute to improving blood circulation. |
| Sedatives, relaxing muscle | They are also prescribed to facilitate the patient's general conditions and reduce the doses of the fan.At the same time it relieves nervous excessive and muscle cramps, help to obtain a better therapeutic effect. |
At the end of the course of therapy, fans should be purchased for a kit first at home, because neck pain can be periodically returned (with stress, overestimation, meteorological gearbox).Before taking any drugs, consult your doctor.
If a positive effect is not observed after a conservative treatment of a conservative treatment, the doctor may recommend the patient in spinal fussia.
This procedure allows to immobilize the spinal segment concerned.
Its essence is to remove the intervertebral disc, the decompression of the nervous root, the installation of the system or the creation of the physiological height of the disk space.
The operation has many side effects and contraindications.Therefore, it can cause vertebrogenic disability.That's why surgery is carried out in extreme cases.
The massage with cervical osteochondosis allows to obtain significant improvements.It is important that the procedure is performed by a professional: the inept movements in the area of the cervical column can aggravate the situation.Movements should influence the collar area, the cervical region and part of the back.
Pay attention to the technique of execution of the exercises for the treatment of cervical osteocondrosamassage for osteochondosis implies the alternation of the following actions.
- Caress.The masseur affects the surface layers of the skin, moving from the head to the upper third of the center of the rear.At the same time, the palms or fingers work.
- Squeeze.Deep layers of the skin located at the top of the rear are exposed.In this case, the index and thumb of the hands on the neck are performed to take the skin.The fabrics adjacent to the vertebrae are not involved in this process.
- Shredding.It is performed to heat the skin, increase the blood flow in the collar area.The procedure must be performed extremely carefully.It is forbidden to influence the thorny processes of the vertebrae.Sometimes rubbing is replaced with circular traits or movements that recall the signal.
- Kneading.It affects deeply liar fabrics, therefore it has a limited value.Can aggravate the pathology.
During the massage, the patient should lie on the stomach, in extreme cases, sit.
Prevention
For the prevention of the disease, it is recommended:
- For the health of the spine, it is important on which the pillow passes to sleep on a orthopedic pillow and a mattress;
- Take a hot shower every day for 10 minutes;
- Visit a bathing establishment or a sauna (relieves the cramps of the neck muscles);
- Avoid inclinations and sharp turns of the head;
- Walk more on foot, do yoga and swimming;
- With the work of "session", take breaks for five minutes every hour (you have to walk during the breaks, incline yourself with a body and head in different directions);
- Avoid an increase in the load on the spine: classes with weights, jumps, running;
- Choose chairs and chairs in support of the spine;
- abandon dependencies, such as smoke, alcohol abuse;
- Drink at least one and a half liters of water a day.
Eating with cervical osteochondrosis is often recommended (at least five times a day) and in small portions.Preference should be given to cooked or cooked dishes.Salads must be seasoned with olive oil.